Clinical Progress of Targeted KRAS Drugs Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62051/rq7x6r98Keywords:
Pancreatic cancer; KRAS mutation; Targeted therapy; Immune checkpoint inhibitor; Combined treatment strategy.Abstract
Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS) is one of the important drivers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Although there has been progress in the development of targeted KRAS drugs, single-targeted therapy has limited effects due to the complexity of mutations. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have poor efficacy in common pancreatic cancer patients. Therefore, the combined treatment strategy of the two has attracted attention. By means of the targeted drugs to inhibit the tumor signaling pathway and the immune inhibitors to synergistically enhance the anti-cancer ability of the immune system, it is expected to improve the therapeutic effect. However, it faces challenges such as drug resistance and increased toxic and side effects, which urgently need to be studied and solved. Through analyzing the recent research progress, this study found that the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer is complex and immunosuppressive, and KRAS mutations will exacerbate this characteristic. By improving the function of antigen-presenting cells and reducing the influence of immunosuppressive cells, etc., the microenvironment can be improved. The combined use of KRAS inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors can reverse immunosuppression, increase the infiltration of effector T cells, and improve the clinical efficacy. In the future, the combined treatment strategies developed based on relevant research are expected to bring more hope for refractory tumors.
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